References

• Aamer, A., Muhammad, Y., & Masood, S. (2019). Practices of elementary school teachers for developing English language competencies among students. Journal of elementary education, 29(2), 210-222.
• Ahmad, S. R. (2016). Importance of English communication skills. International Journal of Applied Research, 3(2), 478- 480.
• Ahmed, F., Muhammad, Y., & Anis, F. (2020). Developing secondary school teachers' positive attitude towards reflective teaching: A collaborative action research study. sjesr, 3(4), 43-53.
• Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Birkshire, UK: McGraw-Hill International.
• Albarracín, D., Johnson, B. T., & Zanna, M. P. (2005). The structure of attitudes. In D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes. London: Routledge.
• Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2018). Doing interviews (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
• Brooks, J., & King, N. (2014). Doing template analysis: Evaluating an end of life care service. Sage research methods cases.
• Brooks, J., McCluskey, S., Turley, E., & King, N. (2015). The utility of template analysis in qualitative psychology research. Qualitative research in psychology, 12(2), 202-222.
• Buehl, M. M., & Beck, J. S. (2015). The relationship between teachers' beliefs and teachers' practices. In H. Fives & M. G. Gill (Eds.), International handbook of research on teachers' beliefs (pp. 66-84). New York: Routledge.
• Chauhan, P. H., Leeming, D., & King, N. (2020). A hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of feeling joyful. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 15(1), 99-106.
• Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (4th ed.). London: Sage.
• Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Los Angeles: Sage.
• Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Fives, H., Lacatena, N., & Gerard, L. (2015). Teachers' beliefs about teaching (and learning). In H. Fives & M. G. Gill (Eds.), International handbook of research on teachers' beliefs (pp. 249-265). New York: Routledge.
• Government of Pakistan. (2006). National curriculum for English Language Grades I -XII Islamabad Ministry of Education.
• Hameed-ur-Rehman, M., & Sewani, S. M. S. (2013). Critical analysis of the educational policies of pakistan The Dialogue, 8(3), 246-260.
• Jameel, M., & Muhammad, Y. (2019). Teaching science students to think critically: Understanding secondary school teachers' practices. Journal of Research and Reflections in Education, 13(2), 256- 272.
• Javed, M. A., & Ali, A. (2017). Educational development in Pakistan: A critical appraisal of muhammad pervez musharraf presidency (1999-2008). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 7(3), 277-282.
• King, N. (2012). Doing template analysis. Qualitative organizational research: Core methods and current challenges, 426-450.
• King, N., & Brooks, J. M. (2017). Template analysis for business and management students. London: Sage.
• Kvale, S. (1996a). InterViews: An introduction to qualitative research writing. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
• Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
• Manan, S. A., David, M. K., & Dumanig, F. (2015). English language teaching in Pakistan: Language policies, delusions and solutions. In R. Kirkpatrick (Ed.), English language education policy in Asia (pp. 219-244). New Yourk: Springer.
• Manan, S. A., David, M. K., & Dumanig, F. P. (2016). English language teaching in Pakistan: Language policies, delusions and solutions. In R. Kirkpatrick (Ed.), English language education policy in Asia (pp. 219-244). New York: Springer.
• Merriam, S. B. (1998). Qualitative research and case study applications in education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
• Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
• Miles, M., Huberman, M., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed.). New York: Sage Publications.
• Muhammad, Y. (2019). Pakistani national identity, curriculum reform and citizenship education textbooks: Understanding teachers' perspectives. Journal of Research & Reflections in Education, 13(1), 103-122.
• Muhammad, Y., & Brett, P. (2017). Some challenges in teaching citizenship in an Islamic context: Pakistan Studies teachers' perspectives and practices in relation to teaching about Identity. Citizenship Teaching and Learning, 12(3), 279-298.
• Naseer, H., Muhammad, Y., & Masood, S. (2020). Developing reflective practices of elementary school teachers: A collaborative action research study. Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review, 1(4), 22-33.
• Nawab, A. (2012). Is it the way to teach language the way we teach language? English language teaching in rural Pakistan. Academic research international, 2(2), 696-705.
• Naz, M., Hani, U., & Muhammad, Y. (2020). Self- efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers regarding online teaching. International Journal of Distance Education and E- Learning, 6(1), 47-65
• Oppenheim, A. N. (1992). Questionnaire design, interviewing and attitude measurement. London: Continuum.
• Paik, J. (2008). Learning English, imagining global: The narratives of early English education experiences in South Korea. The International Journal of Learning, 15(10), 71-78.
• Saldaña, J. (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (4th ed.). London: SAGE Publications Limited.
• Saldaña, J., & Omasta, M. (2021). Qualitative research: Analyzing life (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications.
• Seidman, I. (2019). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences (5th ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
• Stacey, M. (2020). The Business of Teaching. Switzerland: Springer.
• Tariq, B., Dilawar, M., & Muhammad, Y. (2019). Innovative teaching and technology integration: Exploring elderly teachers' attitudes. International Journal of Distance Education and E- Learning (IJDEEL), 5(I), 1-16.
• Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., & DeVault, M. (2016). In- depth interviewing. In Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.
• Tracy, S. J. (2020). Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact (Second edition. ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley- Blackwell,
• Yin, R. K. (2011). Qualitative research from start to finish. New York: Guilford Press.
• Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). New York: Sage publications.