References

• Abbad, M. M., Morris, D., & de Nahlik, C. (2009). Looking under the Bonnet: Factors Affecting Student Adoption of E-Learning Systems in Jordan
• Abbit, J. T., & Klett, M. D. (2007). Identifying influences on attitudes and self -efficacy beliefs towards technology integration among pre-service educators: Electronic Journal for the integration of technology in education, 6, 28-42.
• Adams, D. A; Nelson, R. R.; Todd, P. A. (1992),
• Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl, & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Springer series in social psychology (pp. 11-39). Berlin: Springer.
• Al-adwan, A., & Smedly, J. (2012). Implementing E-Learning in the Jordanian Higher Education System: Factors Affecting Impact.International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2012, Vol. 8, Issue 1, 121-135.
• Alarifi, Y. (2003). E-learning Technology: Promising Method, E-learning International Conference, Saudi Arabia 23-25/3/2003, Riyadh: King Faisal School.
• Algahtani, A.F. (2011). Evaluating the Effectiveness of the E-learning Experience in Some Universities in Saudi Arabia from Male Students' Perceptions, Durham theses, Durham University.
• Alias, N. A., & Zainuddin, A. M. (2005). Innovation for Better Teaching and Learning: Adopting the Learning Management System. Malaysian Online Journal of Instructional Technology, 2(2), 27- 40.
• Alkhateeb F., AlMaghayreh E. Aljawarneh S., Muhsin Z., Nsour A. E-learning Tools & Technologies in Education: A Perspective.
• Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2013). Changing course: Ten years of tracking online education in the United States. Babson Survey Research Group and Quahog Research Group, LLC. Retrieved 20 March 2015 from
• Almosa, A. & Almubarak, A. (2005). E-learning Foundations and Applications, Saudi Arabia: Riyadh.
• Almosa, A. (2002). Use of Computer in Education, (2nd ed), Riyadh: Future Education Library.
• Alsalem, A. (2004). Educational Technology and E-learning, Riyadh: Alroshd publication.
• Amer, T. (2007). E-learning and Education, Cairo: Dar Alshehab publication.
• Anderson, P. (2007).
• Anderson, S., & Maninger, R, (2007). Preservice teachers' abilities, beliefs, and intentions regarding technology integration. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 37 (2), 151-172
• Andersson, A., (2008). Seven Major Challenges for e-learning in Developing Countries: Case Study eBIT, Sri Lanka, International Journal of Education and Development using ICT, Vol 4, Issue
• Arabasz, P., Pirani, J. & Fawcett, D. (2003). Supporting e-learning in higher education.[Online]. Available at
• Ash, C., & Bacsich P. (2002). The costs of networked learning. In C. Steeples & C. Jones (Eds.), Networking learning: Perspectives and issues computer supported cooperative work. London:
• Awidi, I.T, (2008). Developing an e-learning Strategy for Public Universities in Ghana,
• Barber, M., Donnelly, K., & Rizvi, S. (2013). An avalanche is coming - higher education and the revolution ahead. London: IPPR.
• Barnard, l., Paton, V. O., & Rose, K. (2007). Perceptions of online course communications and collaboration. Online journal of distance learning administration,. 10(4), 1-9.
• Barron, A. E., (2003). Course management systems and online teaching. Journal of computing in higher education.
• Bennion, A., Scesa, A., & Williams, R. (2011). The benefits of part-time undergraduate study and UK higher education policy: A literature review. Higher Education Quarterly, 65(2), 145-163.
• Biggs, J. (1999). Teaching for quality learning at university (pp. 165-203). Buckingham: SRHE and Open University Press.
• Birch, D., & Burnett, B. (2009). Bringing academics on board: Encouraging institutionwide diffusion of e-learning environments. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 25(1), 117-134.
• Bishop, M. J., Hyclak, T., & Yerk-Zwickl, S. (2007). The clipper project: Lessons learned teaching an online economics course. Journal of computing in higher education, 18(2), 99-120.
• Blackmore, C., Tantam, D., & Deurzen, E. V. (2008). Evaluation of e-learning outcomes: Experience from an online psychotherapy education programme. Open learning, 23(3), 185-201.
• Borstorff, P. C., & Lowe, S. L. (2007). Student perceptions and opinions toward e-learning in the college environment.Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 11(2), 13-30
• Boud, D., & Middleton, H., (2003). 'Learning from others at work: communities of practice and informal learning', Journal of workplace learning, vol. 15, no.5, pp. 194-202.
• Brown, C., Thomas, H., Merwe, A. & Dyk, L. (2008). The impact of South Africa's ICT Infrastructure on higher education. [online]. Available at. Accessed on 27/02/2014
• Brown, D., Cromby, J., & Standen, P. (2001). The effective use of virtual environments in the education and rehabilitation of students with intellectual disabilities. British Journal of Educational Technology, 32(3), p. 289-299.
• Brown, R. E. (2001). The process of community-building in distance learning classes. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 5(2), 18-35.
• Burdman, P. (1998). Cyber U. Anaheim (California) Orange County Register, September 13, sec. 1, p. 9.
• Burn, J., & Thongprasert, N., (2005).
• Carswell, A. D. & Venkatesh, V. (2002). 'Learner Outcomes in an Asynchronous Distance Educational Environment.' International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 56, (5) 475494.
• Childs, S., Blenkinso, E., Hall, A., & Walton, G. (2005). Effective e-learning for health professionals and students - barriers and their solutions. A systematic review of the literature - findings from the hexl project. Health information and libraries journal, 22(0), 20-32.
• Clara, M., & Barbera, E. (2013). Learning online: Massive open online courses (MOOCs). Connectivism and cultural psychology, 34(1), 129-136.
• Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2003). e-learning and the science of instruction. San Francisco: Jossey-Bas
• Clarke, T. (2013). The advance of MOOCs (massive open online courses) - The impending globalization of business education? Education training, 55(4/5), 403-413.
• Codone, S. (2001) An E-Learning Primer, Raytheon Interactive. Available from:
• Collins, J., Hammond, M. & Wellington, J. (1997). Teaching and Learning with Multimedia, London: Routledge.
• Committee of Inquiry into the Changing Learner Experience (CICLE). (2009). Higher education in a web 2.0 world, 570. London: Higher Education Academy and JISC.
• Concannon, F., Flynn, A., & Campbell, M. (2005). What campus-based students think about the quality and benefits of e-learning. British journal of educational technology, 36(3), 501-512.
• Conference on Information & Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications, Damascus, 2008,1-5
• Cowan, T., & Duggleby, J. (2005). Pedagogy and quality assurance in the development of online learning for online instructors. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 9(4), 1-10.
• Creswell, J. (2003).
• Dahl, B. (2005). 10 ways to improve online learning. Distance education report, 9(20), 7-8.
• Davis, F. D. (1989). 'Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology.' MIS Quarterly 13, (3) 319-340.
• Deka, T. S., & McMurry, P. (2006). Student success in face-to-face and distance teleclass environments: A matter of contact? International review of research in open and distance learning, 7(1).
• Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. (2013). BIS research paper number 130 - The maturing of the MOOC. London: Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.
• Department for Education and Skill (2004)
• Díaz, L., & Entonado, F. (2009). Are the functions of teachers in e-learning and face-to-face learning environments really different? Journal of educational technology & society, 12(4), 331-343.
• Dowling, C., Godfrey, J. M. & Gyles N. (2003).
• Dublin, L. (2003). If you only look under the street lamps......Or nine e-Learning Myths.The eLearning developers journal.
• Dutton, J., Dutton, M., & Perry, J. (2002). How do online students differ from lecture students? Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 6(1), 1- 20.
• Dutton, W. H., Cheong, P. H., & Park, N. (2003). The social shaping of a virtual learning environment: The case of a university-wide course management system. The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 2(1).Available:
• EDUCAUSE Quarterly, Vol. 31 No. 2, EDUCASE, 66-69. Implementation of e-Learning in Ghanaian Tertiary Institutions (A Case Study of KNUST)
• Eke, H. N. (2009). The Perspective of E-Learning and Libraries: challenges and opportunities. Unpublished article, completion.
• Engel Brecht, E. (2005). Adapting to changing expectations: postgraduate students' experience of an e- learning Tax Program, Computers and Education, 45, 2, 217-229.
• European Commission. (2001). The eLearning Action Plan: Designing tomorrow's education.
• Falvo, D., & Johnson, B. (2007).The Use of Learning Management Systems in the United States. TechTrends, 51(2), 40-45.
• Fares, A. (2007).ICT Infrastructure, Applications, Society, and Education. Nairobi, (2007). Nairobi: Strathmore University.
• Fillion, G., Limayem, M., Laferrière, T., & Mantha, R. (2009). Integrating information and communication technologies into higher education: Investigating onsite and online students' points of view. Open learning: The journal of open and distance learning, 24(3), 223-240.
• Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
• France, D., & Fletcher, S. (2007). E-learning in the UK: Perspectives from GEES practitioners. Planet - learning and teaching in geography, earth and environmental sciences, 18, 3-5.
• Fry, K. (2001). E-learning markets and providers: some issues and prospects. Education Training, 233- 239.
• Garrison, D. R. (2006). Online collaboration principles. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 10(1), 1-7.
• Gefen, D. (2003). ‘TAM or Just Plain Habit: A Look at Experienced Online Shoppers.' Journal of End User Computing 15, (3) 1-13.
• Ghana Ministry of Education. (2008). ICT in Education. November, Accra: Ghana.
• Gotschall, M. (2000). E-learning strategies for executive education and corporate training.Fortune 141(10). 5-59.
• Guiller, J., Durndell, A., & Ross, A. (2008). Peer interaction and critical thinking: Face-to-face or online discussion. Learning and instruction, 18(2), 187-200.
• Gulbahar, Y. (2007). Technology planning: A Roadmap to successful technology integration in schools. Computers and Education, 49 (4), 943-956.
• Guri-Rosenblit, S. (2005). Eight paradoxes in the implementation process of e-learning in higher education. Higher education policy, 18(1), 5-29.
• Hameed, S. Badii, A. & Cullen, A. J. (2008). Effective e-learning integration with traditional learning in a blended learning environment.European and Mediterranean conference on information system, (25-26).
• Hanson, P., & Robson, R. (2004). Evaluating course management technology: A pilot study. Boulder, CO: Educause Center for Applied Research, Research Bulletin, Issue 24. Available
• Hawkins, B. L., & Rudy, J. A. (2008). Educause core data service: Fiscal year 2007summary report. Boulder, CO: Educause. Available:
• HCESC - House of Commons Education and Skills Committee. (2005). UK e-University. Third Report of Session 2004-05, Report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence ordered by House of Commons, 1-153. Retrieved 20 March 2015 from
• Hedberg, J. G. (1989). CD-ROM: Expanding and shrinking resource based learning Journal of Educational Technology, 5(1), 56-75 The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University: digital versatile disc|Infoplease.com
• Hemsley, C. (2002). Jones International University's focus on quality eLearning opens doors for students worldwide. Business Media, 39(9), pp. 26-29.
• Holmes, B. & Gardner, J. (2006). E-Learning: Concepts and Practice, London: SAGE Publications.
• Holsale, C. W., & Lee-Post, A. (2006). Defining, assessing and promoting e-learning success: An informations systems perspective. Decision sciences journal of innovative education, 4(1), 67- 85.
• Hunsinger, J. (2005).
• Internet banking: An empirical study. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 14, 501-519.
• Ishtaiwa, F. (2006). Factors influencing faculty Participation in E-learning: The Case of Jordan. Unpublished dissertation. (USA: Washington University).
• Iverson, K. M., Colky, D. L., & Cyboran, V. L. (2005). E-learning takes the lead: An empirical investigation of learner differences in online and classroom delivery. Performance improvement quarterly, 18(4), 5-18
• Jennex, M. E. (2005). Case Studies in Knowledge Management. Idea Group Publishing: Hersley.
• Johnson, L. et al. (2010). 2010 Horizon Report: K-12 Edition. The New Media Consortium. Austin, Texas.
• JuhadiI, N., Samah, A & Sarah, H. (2007). Use of Technology, Job Characteristics and work outcomes: A case of Unitary Instructors. International Review of business Research papers, 3 (2)184-203.
• Karatas, S., & Simsek, N. (2009). Comparisons of internet-based and face-to-face learning systems based on
• Karim, M. R. A., & Hashim, Y. (2004),
• Kartha, C. P. (2006). Learning business statistics vs. traditional. Business Review, 5, 27-33.
• Keegan, D., Lossenko, J., Mazar, I., Michels, P. F., Paulsen, M. F., Rekkedal, T., & Zarka D. (2007). E- learning initiatives that did not reach targeted goals. Megatrends Project 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2015
• Keller, C. & Cernerud, L. (2002).Students' perception of e-learning in university education.Learning, Media and Technology, 27(1), 55-67.
• Kelly, H. F., Ponton, M. K., & Rovai, A. P. (2007). A comparison of student evaluations of teaching between online and face-to-face courses. The internet and higher education, 10(2), 89-101.
• Khan, B. H. (2005). Managing E-learning: Design, Delivery, Implementation and Evaluation, Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing.
• Khan, BH. (2001). A Framework for Web-based Learning. Educational Technology Publications: Engelwood Cliffs.
• Klein, D. & Ware, M. (2003). E-learning: new opportunities in continuing professional development. Learned publishing, 16 (1) 34-46.
• Kocur, D., & Kosc, P., (2009)
• Koohang, A. Riley, L. Smith, T. (2009) E-Learning and Constructivism: From Theory to Application. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects: Volume 5
• Kwofie, B., & Henten, A. (2011). The Advantages and Challenges of E-Learning Implementation: The Story of a Developing Nation. Paper presented on 3rd World Conference on Educational Sciences Bahcesehir University, Conference Centre Istanbul - Turkey.
• LaRose, R., Gregg, J., & Eastin, M. (1998). Audio graphic tele-courses for the Web: An experiment. Journal of Computer Mediated Communications, 4(2).
• Laurillard, D. (2014). Five myths about Moocs. Times Higher Education. Retrieved 20 March 2015, from
• Lee, B., Yoon, J.,& Lee, I. (2009). Learners' acceptance of e-learning in South Korea: Theories and results. Computers & Education, 53(4), 1320- 1329.
• Levine, A. & Sun, J. (2002). Barriers to Distance Education. [Online]. Available at .Accesed on 25/02/2014.
• Levy, P., Ford, N., Foster, J., Madden, A., Miller, D., Nunes, M. B., Mcpherson, M., & Webber, S. (2003). Educational informatics: An emerging research agenda. Journal of information science, 29(4), 298-310.
• Lewis, N. J. (2000). The Five Attributes of Innovative E-Learning, Training and Development, Vol. 54, No. 6, 47 51.
• Liaw, S. S., Huang, H. M. (2003). Exploring the World Wide Web for online learning: a perspective from Taiwan. Educational Technology 40(3): 27-32.
• Liu, Y., & Wang, H. (2009). A comparative study on e-learning technologies and products: from the East to the West. Systems Research & Behavioral Science, 26(2), 191-209
• Love, N. & Fry, N. (2006).
• Macharia, J., & Nyakwende, E. (2009). Factors affecting the adoption and diffusion of internet in Higher educational institutions in Kenya. Journal of Language, Technology and Entrepreneurship in Africa, 1, 2, 6-23.
• Macharia, J., & Nyakwende, E. (2010). Influence of university factors on the students' acceptance of internet based learning tools in higher education. Journal of Communication and Computer, 7, 10, 72-82.
• Mahoney, S. (2009). Mindset change: influences on student buy-in to online classes. Quarterly review of distance education, 10(1), 75-83.
• Maltz, L., Deblois, P. & The EDUCAUSE Current Issues Committee. (2005). Top Ten IT Issues. EDUCAUSE Review, 40 (1), 15-28.
• Marc, J. R. (2002). Book review: e-learning strategies for delivering knowledge in the digital age. Internet and Higher Education, 5, 185-188.
• Mcdonald, J. (2002). Is
• Meyer, K. A. (2003). Face-to-face versus threaded discussions: The role of time and higher-order thinking. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 7(3), 55-65.
• Michel, D. (1996). Two-year College and the Internet: An Integration Practices and Beliefs of Faculty Users, PhD Thesis, U.S.A: University of Minnesota.
• Moller, L., Foshay, W. R. and Huett, J. (2008). The evolution of distance education: Implications for instructional design on the potential of the web. Techtrends: linking research & practice to improve learning, 52(3), 70-75.
• Motteram, G., & Forrester, G. (2005). Becoming an online distance learner: What can be learned from students' experiences of induction to distance programmes? Distance education, 26, 281-298.
• Muhsin, H., (....)
• Muirhead, R. J. (2007). E-learning: Is this teaching at students or teaching with students? Nursing forum, 42(4), 178-184.
• Nagel, L., & Kotzé, T. G. (2010). Supersizing e-learning: What a CoI survey reveals about teaching presence in a large online class. The Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 45-51
• Nichols, M. (2003). A Theory for E-Learning, Educational Technology and Society, Vol. 6, No.2, 1-10
• Njenga, J. K., & Fourie, L. C. H. (2010). The myths about e-learning in higher education. British journal of educational technology, 41(2), 199-212.
• Nor, A. & Ahmed, M. (2005). Innovation for better teaching and learning: Adopting the Learning Management System. Malaysian online journal of instructional technology. Vol 2, No.2, 2740.
• Oblinger, D. G., & Hawkins, B. L. (2005). The myth about E-learning. Educause review.
• OECD. (2005). E-learning in tertiary education [Online]. Available at . (Accessed 27 /02/ 2014).
• Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). (2005)
• Padilla Vargas, I. (2005). Educación a distance: Ofrecimientos con calidad y eficacia
• Pagram, P., & Pagram, J., (2006).
• Papastergiou, M. (2006). Course management systems as tools for the creation of online learning environments: Evaluation from a social constructivist perspective and implications for their design. International Journal on E-Learning, 5(4), 593-622. Available:
• Pelz, B. (2004). Three principles of effective online pedagogy. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 8(3), 103-116.
• Pérez Juste, R. (1986). Pedagogía experimental. La medida en educación.
• Perraton, H. (2002). Open and Distance Learning in the Developing World, London: Routledge.
• Piskurich, G. M. (2006). Online learning: E-learning. Fast, cheap, and good. Performance Improvement, 45(1), 18-24.
• Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digitial immigrants part 2: Do they really think differently? On the horizon, 9(6), 1-6.
• Prensky, M. (2009). 'H. Sapiens Digital: From Digital Immigrants and Digital Natives to Digital
• Price, L., Richardson, J. T. E., & Jelfs, A. (2007). Face-to-face versus online tutoring support in distance education. Studies in higher education, 32(1), 1-20.
• Re.ViCa. (2009). Reviewing (Traces of) European Virtual Campuses: Scottish Knowledge. Retrieved 20 March 2015 from
• Richard, H., & Haya, A. (2009). Examining student decision to adopt web 2.0 technologies: theory and empirical tests. Journal of computing in higher education, 21(3), 183-198.
• Richardson, J. T. E. (2009). Face-to-face versus online tutoring support in humanities courses in distance education. Arts and humanities in higher education, 8(1), 69-85.
• Rodgers (Ed.), Encyclopedia of distance learning, (1994-1999). New York: IGI.
• Rosenberg J. M. (2001). E-learning: Strategies for Delivering Knowledge in the Digital Age. McGraw-Hill: New York.
• Rossi, P. G. (2009). Learning environment with artificial intelligence elements. Journal of e-learning and knowledge society, 5(1), 67-75.
• Rumble, G. (2001). The costs and costing of networked learning. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 5(2), 75-96.
• Sadler-Smith, E. (2000).
• Salmon, G. (2004). E-moderating: the key teaching and learning online. (2nd Ed.) UK: Routledge.
• Scarafiotti, C. (2004). Five important lessons about the cost of e-learning. New directions for community colleges, (128), 39-46.
• Schank, R. C. (2000). A Vision of Education for the 21st Century , T.H.E. Journal. Vol. 27, No. 6, 43-45.
• Scott B., Ken C. H. & Edwin M. G. (1999). The Effects of Internet-Based Instruction on Student Learning , Journal of Asynchronous Learning Network, Vol. 3, No. 2,.98-106.
• Seidel, G., (2009). Facebook friends/fiends.Teacher, (204), 60-63
• Selim, H. M. (2003). 'An Empirical Investigation of Student Acceptance of a Course Websites.'Computers and Education 40, (4) 343- 360.
• Senge, P. M. (2000). The Fifth Discipline: the Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. Double Day Currency: New York.
• Serwatka, J. (2002). Improving student performance in distance learning courses.The Journal of Technological Horizons In Education, 29(9), 46-52.
• Shattuck, K. (2014). Assuring quality in online education: Practices and processes at the teaching, resource, and program levels. Sterling: Stylus Publishing.
• Sife, A. S. Lwoga E. T. & Sanga, C. New technologies for teaching and learning: Challenges for higher learning institutions in developing countries.
• Singh, H. (2001) Building effective blended learning programs. Educational Technology 43(6): 51-4.
• Smedley, J. K. (2010). Modelling the impact of knowledge management using technology. OR Insight (2010) 23, 233-250.
• Smith, G. & Taveras, M. (2005). The Missing Instructor: Does E-Learning Promotes Absenteeism.E-learn Magazine, 5 (1), 1-18.
• Smith, M. (2011). The quality factors which influence online learning. PhD Research Dissertation.
• Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania IJEDICT), 2007, Vol. 3, Issue 2, 57-67.
• Solimeno, A., Mebane, M. E., Tomai, M., & Francescato, D. (2008). The influence of students and teachers characteristics on the efficacy of face-toface and computer supported collaborative learning. Computers & education, 51(1), 109-128.
• Soloway, E., Guzdial, M., & Hay, K. E. (1994). Learner-centered design: The challenge for HCI in the 21st century. Interactions, 1(2), 36-48. doi:10.1145/174809.174813
• Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. (2016). Datos y cifras del sistema universitario español. Curso 2015-2016
• Spiceland, J. D., & Hawkins, P. C. (2002). The impact on learning of an asynchronous active learning course format. Journal of asynchronous learning networks, 6(1), 68-75.
• Stephenson, J. E., Brown, C., & Griffin, D. K. (2008). Electronic delivery of lectures in the university environment: An empirical comparison of three delivery styles. Computers & education, 50(3), 640-651.
• Steven, D. L. (2009). PhD dissertation .student use of a learning management system for group projects: a case study investigating interaction, collaboration, and knowledge construction.
• Stoel, L., & Lee, K. H. (2003). ‘Modeling the Effect of Experience on the Student Acceptance of Web- Based Courseware.'Internet research: Electronic Network Applications and Policy 13, (5) 364- 374.
• Surry, D. W., & Ensminger, D. C. (2009). Supporting the implementation of online learning. In P. L.
• Szajna, B. (1996). Empirical Evaluation of the Revised Technology Acceptance Model. Management Science 42 (1):85-92.
• Tagoe, M. (2012). Students' perceptions on incorporating e-learning into teaching and learning at the University of Ghana international Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), Vol. 8, Issue 1, 91-103.
• Tao, Y. H., Yeh, C. R., & Sun, S. I. (2006). Improving training needs assessment processes via the internet: system design and qualitative study. Internet Research, 16 (4), 427-49.
• Twigg, C. (2002). Quality, cost and access: the case for redesign. In The Wired Tower. Pittinsky MS (ed.). Prentice-Hall: New Jersey. p. 111-143.
• UHI (University of the Highlands and Islands). (2014). Facts and figures 2014. 29 January 2015
• UNESCO (2006). Teachers amd Educational Quality: Monitoring Global Needs for 2015
• Universities UK. (2013). The power of part-time: Review of part-time and mature higher education. London: Universities UK.
• Ur, T. A., & Weggen C. C. (2000). Corporate E-Learning: Exploring a New Frontier, San Francisco, CA: WR Hambrecht and Co. Available from:
• Vencatachellum, I. & Munusami, V. (2006). Barriers to effective corporate e-learning in Mauritius. [Online].Available at[.Accessed on 27/02/2014.
• Venkatesh, V. & Davis, F. (2000). 'A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies.' Management Science 46, (2) 186-204.
• Wagner, N., Hassanein, K. & Head, M. (2008). Who is responsible for E-learning in Higher Education? A Stakeholders' Analysis. Educational Technology & Society, 11 (3), 26-36.
• Wagner, N., Hassanein, K., & Head, M. (2008). Who is responsible for e-learning success in higher education? A stakeholders' analysis. Journal of educational technology & society, 11(3), 26-36.
• Wang, Q., & Woo, H. L. (2007). Comparing asynchronous online discussions and face-to-face discussions in a classroom setting. British journal of educational technology, 38(2), 272-286.
• Wang, Y. S., Wang, Y. M., Lin, H. H., & Tang, T. I. (2003). Determinants of user acceptance of
• Welsh ET, Wanberg CR, Brown EG, Simmering M.J. (2003). E-learning: emerging uses, empirical results and future directions. International Journal of Training and Development 2003(7): 245-258
• Wentling T. L., Waight C, Gallagher J, La Fleur J, Wang C, Kanfer A. (2000). E-learning - a review of literature. Knowledge and Learning Systems Group NCSA 9.1-73.
• Winterbottom, S. (2007). Virtual lecturing: Delivering lectures using screencasting and podcasting technology. Planet, 18, 6-8.
• Wisdom', Innovate: Journal of Online Education, Vol. 5, issue 3, 1-9 Rabah, M. (2005) E-learning, Jordan: Dar Almnahej Publisher.
• Wood, R., & Ashfield, J. (2008). The use of the interactive whiteboard for creative teaching and learning in literacy and mathematics: a case study. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39 (1), 84- 96.
• Zhu, C. (2012). Student Satisfaction, Performance and Knowledge Construction in Online Collaborative Learning. Educational Technology & Society, 15(1), 127-136.
• Akkoyuklu, B.& Soylu, M. Y. (2006). A study on students‟ views on blended learning environment. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 7(3), ISSN 1302-6488