An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers
Women in Pakistan face numerous challenges because of the rigid patriarchal structure. However, their economic self sufficiency gives them autonomy in different aspects of their life. This study aimed to investigate the empowerment experiences among female lecturers in colleges in the district of Bhakkar, Punjab. Twelve participants were sampled using a purposive sampling technique and were interviewed to share their experiences. The findings were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Under two main themes—empowerment experiences and their impact on personal growth—the findings revealed that female lecturers feel empowered in relation to domestic decision-making and control over their salary. However, most of them face limitations in their freedom of movement. Furthermore, their increased level of empowerment has led to improved self-worth and confidence. It is recommended that policymakers devise policies to integrate women into the economic sector to enhance their well-being as well as that of society as a whole.
-
Women Empowerment, Gender Equality, Empowerment Experiences, Personal Growth, SDGs
-
(1) Beenish Fatima
MPhil Scholar, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
(2) Shamaila Athar
Associate Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Athar Azeem
Assistant Professor, Forman Christian College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
-
Abbas, S., Isaac, N., Zia, M., Zakar, R., & Fischer, F. (2021). Determinants of women’s empowerment in Pakistan: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys, 2012–13 and 2017–18. BMC Public Health, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11376-6
- Agarwal, B. (2002). “Bargaining” and legal change: toward gender equality in India’s inheritance laws. In Institute of Development Studies eBooks. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BB14995233
- Anderson, S., & Eswaran, M. (2009b). What determines female autonomy? Evidence from Bangladesh. Journal of Development Economics, 90(2), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.10.004
- Anwar, B., Shoaib, M., & Javed, S. (2013). Women’s autonomy and their role in decision making at household level: a case of rural Sialkot, Pakistan. World Appl Sci J, 23(1), 129-136.
- Arshad, A. (2023). Nexus between financial inclusion and women empowerment: evidence from developing countries. Gender in Management, 38(4), 561–580. https://doi.org/10.1108/gm-04-2022-0125
- Blumberg, R. L. (2005, August). Women’s economic empowerment as the magic potion of development. In 100th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, August, Philadelphia.
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006b). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
- Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
- Global Gender Gap Report 2023. (2023). https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GGGR_2023.pdf
- Htun, M., & Weldon, S. L. (2010). When do governments promote Women’s Rights? A framework for the Comparative Analysis of Sex Equality Policy. Perspectives on Politics, 8(1), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537592709992787
- Johannsdottir, N. K. (2009). Patriarchy and the Subordination of Women. Haskuli Islands: Erska of Kynjafraoi.
- Jones, L., Snelgrove, A., & Muckosy, P. (2006). The Double‐X factor: harnessing female human capital for economic growth. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 1(4), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1108/17468800610703351
- Leonhäuser, S., & Parveen, S. (2004). Empowerment of rural women in Bangladesh: A household level analysis. In Conference on Rural Poverty Reduction through Research for Development and Transformation.
- Kabeer, N. (1997). Women, wages and intra‐household power relations in urban Bangladesh. Development and Change, 28(2), 261–302. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7660.00043
- Kabeer, N. (1999). Resources, Agency, achievements: reflections on the measurement of women’s empowerment. Development and Change, 30(3), 435–464. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-7660.00125
- Khan, M. T., & Maan, A. A. (2008). Socio-cultural milieu of women’s empowerment in district Faisalabad. Pakistan. Journal of Agricultural Science, 45(3), 78-90.
- Khan, S. U., & Awan, R. (2011). Contextual Assessment of Women Empowerment and Its Determinants: Evidence from Pakistan. MPRA Paper. https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/30820.html
- Muhammad, N. S. D. (2012). Women empowerment and microfinance: A case study of Pakistan. African Journal of Business Management, 6(22). https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm11.1973
- Adeel, H., Sabir, R. I., & Majid, M. B. (2023). Factors affecting women empowerment: A micro financing perspective. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Venturing, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.56536/jebv.v3i1.19
- Shahid, M. H., Khalid, I., Mubeen, S., & Kiran, A. (2023). A Quest for Equality: Examining Women's Empowerment in Pakistan. ILMA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & ECONOMICS, 4(1), 78-103.
- Shahzad, T. (2021). Women Empowerment: A Case of Pakistan. Journal of Development and Social Sciences (JDSS), 2(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2021(2-I)3.
- UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) (1997). ―Sustaining livelihoods: promoting informal sector growth in Pacific island countries.
- United Nations (2001). ―Empowerment of women throughout the life cycle as a transformative strategy for poverty eradication.
- Zulfiqar, A., & Kuskoff, E. (2024). Developing a contextual understanding of empowerment through education: narratives from highly educated women in Pakistan. Gender and Education, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2024.2359519
Cite this article
-
APA : Fatima, B., Athar, S., & Azeem, A. (2024). An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers. Global Educational Studies Review, IX(II), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).09
-
CHICAGO : Fatima, Beenish, Shamaila Athar, and Athar Azeem. 2024. "An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers." Global Educational Studies Review, IX (II): 66-74 doi: 10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).09
-
HARVARD : FATIMA, B., ATHAR, S. & AZEEM, A. 2024. An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers. Global Educational Studies Review, IX, 66-74.
-
MHRA : Fatima, Beenish, Shamaila Athar, and Athar Azeem. 2024. "An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers." Global Educational Studies Review, IX: 66-74
-
MLA : Fatima, Beenish, Shamaila Athar, and Athar Azeem. "An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers." Global Educational Studies Review, IX.II (2024): 66-74 Print.
-
OXFORD : Fatima, Beenish, Athar, Shamaila, and Azeem, Athar (2024), "An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers", Global Educational Studies Review, IX (II), 66-74
-
TURABIAN : Fatima, Beenish, Shamaila Athar, and Athar Azeem. "An In-Depth Exploration of the Empowerment Experiences and Their Impact on Personal Growth of Female Lecturers." Global Educational Studies Review IX, no. II (2024): 66-74. https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2024(IX-II).09