ARTICLE

DYNAMICS OF EXTREMISM AND RESISTANCE AGAINST IT AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

01 Pages : 1 - 13

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01      10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01      Published : Jun 2022

Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students

Abstract

    The present anthropological study attempts to document and inform about Extremism, its types, nature, and resistance against it to understand the phenomenon of Extremism in universities' youth. It includes studying extremist behaviors in universities' youth such as radical, religious, linguistic,ethnic-based, and other forms of Extremism. Descriptive qualitative research methodology is used to conduct this research. The primary data is collected over six months from 37 in-depth interviews achieved through the snowball sampling method. Observations as a participant, life histories, and case studies have been used to describe the contextual dynamics of Extremism. Findings show that religious Extremism is most common in university students. The resistance of this religious Extremism is also extremist, which results in conflicts and extremist construction of students' identities in the university.Further, this study will also be helpful for resilience against Extremism and developing peacemaking culture, which is the main agenda of SDGs goals.

    Extremism, Resistance of Extremism, Violent Extremism

    (1) Hussain Ali Hashmi
    Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
    (2) Aneela Sultana
    Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Atif, M., Mahmood, B., & Chaudhary, A. (2019). Pakistan: Enticing factors of Youth Extremism in Higher Educational Institutions. Conflict Studies Quarterly, 1(29), 17-27.
  • Baloch, S. M., & Musyani, Z. (2018). Pakistan's Dark History of Student Extremists. THE DIPLOMAT.
  • Berger, J. M. (2018). Extremism. Cambridge: The MIT Press Essential Knowledge Series.
  • Extremism. (2021). Oxford English Dictionary. https://www.oed.com/
  • Glazzard, A., & Zeuthen, M. (2016). Violent Extremism. GSDRC, 1(34), 1-5.
  • Humayoon, H., & Basij-Rasikh, M. (2020). Violent Extremism and Afghan Women. U.S. Institute of Peace.
  • Haque, R. U. (2014). Youth Radicalization in Pakistan. United States Institute of Peace.
  • Haroon, J. I. (2016).
  • Hawkins, H., Atran, S., & Ginges, J. (2009). Theoretical Frames on Pathways to Violent Radicalization. ARTIS, 1-117.
  • Iannaccone, L., & Eli, B. (2006). Religious Extremism: The Good, the Bad, and the Deadly. Public Choice, 128(1), 109-20.
  • Javaid, U. (2011). Genesis and Effects of Religious Extremism in Pakistan. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(7), 1-7.
  • Khan, B. A., Ajmal, D. F., & Amin, S. (2020). Exploring Socialization Process, Peacebuilding and Value Conflict of Distance Education Students at International Islamic University Islamabad. Sir Syed Journal Education & Social Research (SJESR), 3(3).
  • Neumann, P. (2013). The Trouble with Radicalization. International Affairs, 4(89), 73-93.
  • Nielsen, A. D. (2008). Studying Violent Radicalization in Europe II: The Potential Contribution of Socio-Psychological and Psychological Approaches. Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS).
  • Qarar, S. (2019). FIR registered after the clash at International Islamic University Islamabad leaves one dead. Islamabad: Dawn News.
  • Schmid, A. P. (2013, May). Radicalization, De- Radicalisation, and Counter-Radicalisation A Conceptual Discussion and Literature Review. The Hague: ICCT.
  • Schmid, A. P. (2014, May). Violent and Non- Violent Extremism: Two Sides of the Same Coin? ICCT Research Paper, 53.
  • Timmer, J. (2002, September). Conflict and Anthropology. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 65-66.
  • Vermeulen, F., & Frank, B. (2012). Engaging with Violent Islamic Extremism. The Hague: Eleven International, 1-9.
  • Wiktorowicz, Q. (2003). Islamic Activism: A Social Movement Theory Approach. Bloomington.
  • Wintrobe, R. (2006). Rational Extremism: The Political Economy of Radicalism. Cambridge University Press.
  • Yusuf, M. (2011). A Society on the Precipice: Examining the Prospects of Youth Radicalization in Pakistan,

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Hashmi, H. A., & Sultana, A. (2022). Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students. Global Educational Studies Review, VII(II), 1 - 13 . https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Hashmi, Hussain Ali, and Aneela Sultana. 2022. "Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students." Global Educational Studies Review, VII (II): 1 - 13 doi: 10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01

HARVARD

    HARVARD : HASHMI, H. A. & SULTANA, A. 2022. Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students. Global Educational Studies Review, VII, 1 - 13 .

MHRA

    MHRA : Hashmi, Hussain Ali, and Aneela Sultana. 2022. "Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students." Global Educational Studies Review, VII: 1 - 13

MLA

    MLA : Hashmi, Hussain Ali, and Aneela Sultana. "Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students." Global Educational Studies Review, VII.II (2022): 1 - 13 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Hashmi, Hussain Ali and Sultana, Aneela (2022), "Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students", Global Educational Studies Review, VII (II), 1 - 13

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Hashmi, Hussain Ali, and Aneela Sultana. "Dynamics of Extremism and Resistance Against It: An Anthropological Study of University Students." Global Educational Studies Review VII, no. II (2022): 1 - 13 . https://doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2022(VII-II).01